Hepatitis causes, Hepatitis symptoms, Hepatitis prevention, Hepatitis treatment.
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis may be self-limiting or may progress to fibrosis (scarring), cirrhosis or liver cancer.
Hepatitis is one of the world greatest concern in medical research due its nature of illness and death.
There are 5 main types of hepatitis viruses, and they are: Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis D and Hepatitis E.
Hepatitis A and E are typically caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B And C are the most chronic disease among the five and they both possess the capacity to develop and cause liver cirrhosis and cancer.
Symptoms of hepatitis
Some Patients with Acute infection may develop limited symptoms of hepatitis while some may not exhibit any symptoms.
Symptoms of hepatitis may include:
as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, extreme fatigue / tiredness, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, poor appetite, diarrhea.
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Hepatitis Mode of transmissionÂ
Hepatitis B is mainly sexually transmittable (i.e. by sexual contact). Hepatitis B may also be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy and at birth, from family member to child, and also Hepatitis B, C and D commonly occur through parenteral contact with infected body fluids.
The major modes of transmission for hepatitis B C and D viruses are contaminated blood or blood products, invasive medical procedures, using contaminated equipment. Intravenous drug users are also at a high risk of being infected with hepatitis B and C.
Stages of hepatitisÂ
Hepatitis may be temporary (acute) or long term (chronic) depending on whether it lasts for less than or more than six month.
Acute hepatitis may sometimes heal naturally; it may also progress to chronic hepatitis, or rarely result in acute liver failure.
Over time the chronic hepatitis may progress to scarring of the liver, liver failure or liver cancer.
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 ** Chronic hepatitis**
Acute cases of hepatitis are resolved within six month.But, when hepatitis continue for more than six months, it is termed chronic hepatitis. Chronic hepatitis is usually asymptomatic early in its course and is detected only by liver laboratory investigation via screening. As the inflammation progresses, patients may develop symptoms similar to acute hepatitis, including fatigue, nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, and joint pain. Jaundice may also occur, but at the advanced stage of the disease.
Chronic hepatitis interferes with hormonal functions of the liver and it may result in acne, hirsutism (abnormal hair growth), and amenorrhea (lack of menstrual period) in women.
Cirrhosis, which is the extensive damage and scarring of the liver over a long time may occur. Cirrhosis is a condition when the liver functional capacity is permanently impeded.
Cirrhosis may lead to other life threatening complications like hepatic encephalopathy, esophageal varies, hepatorenal syndrome and liver cancer.
Common symptoms of cirrhosis are jaundice, weight loss, coagulopathy, ascites (abdominal fluid collection) and peripherals edema (leg swelling).
Prevention, treatment and cure of hepatitisÂ
Hepatitis A, B, and D Â are preventable with immunization. Besides, Medications may be used to treat chronic cases of viral hepatitis.
Healthy lifestyle, daily physical activity, healthy diet are among the recommended variables to manage hepatitis.
Autoimmune hepatitis may be treated with medication to surprises the immune system. A liver transplant at however be an option in most cases.
The recovery phase of hepatitis B and C are characterized by resolution of clinical symptoms of hepatitis with persistent elevations in liver lab values and potentially a persistently enlarged liver.
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